A Little History
- Pioneered by Florence Nightingale, 1850s
- First journal on research (Nursing Research) emerged, 1950s.
- Clinical research increasingly important, 1980s
- National Center for Nursing Research established at NIH, 1986
- National Institutes of Nursing Research (NINR) established, 1993
- NINR budget exceeds $100 million, 2000s.
Future Directions for Nursing Research
- Heightened focus on evidence-based practice
- Use of multiple confirmatory strategies (e.g., replication and multisite studies
- Greater stress on systematic reviews
- Expanded local research in health care settings (e.g., as part of Magnet process)
- More multidisciplinary collaborat
- Expanded dissemination of research findings
- Greater focus on cultural issues and health dispar
What is Nursing Research?
- Research - Systematic inquiry using disciplined methods to solve problems or answer questions
- Nursing Research - Systematic inquiry to develop knowledge about issues of importance to the nursing profes
- Evidence-based practice (EBP) — the use of the best clinical evidence in making patient care decisions
- Nursing decisions need to be based on evidence.
- Many recent clinical practice changes reflect the impact of research.
WHO
The World Health Organization began when it's Consitution came into force on 7 April 1948
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease of infirmity.
- WHO Constitution
According to a recent World Health Organization report, 93 member countries of the United Nations annually spend less than $100 per capita on health care, 56 member countries spend less than $500 per capita and 26 member countries spend over $1000 per capita.
Sources of Evidence for Nursing Practice
- Tradition
- authority
- Clinical experience; trial and error; intuition
- Logical reasoning (inductive and deductive)
- Assembled information (e.g., quality improvement data)
- Disciplined research
Roles of Nurses in Research
Continuum of participation, from producers of research to skilled consumers of research findings who use research evidence in their practice
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